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Ghiani is specific to south-central Sardinia, Ghiano, very rare, typical of Turin, could derive from the patronymic of Ghio and would be for the son or sons of Ghio, not to discard also a possible derivation from the Latin name Gianus (the archaic pronunciation with the G hard supports this thesis). additions provided by Giuseppe Concas GHIANI: it is a adjective related, more than anything else, to the horse with the mantle of the color "ghiani" = morello, tending to black. Some linguists get the word from the Arabic k? Ni, but of Greek derivation, from the adjective ?????? (Kianòs). It is also acceptable in relation to the fact that in Sardinia, in the Byzantine period, Arabian horses were brought and it is therefore probable that the word arrived together with Arabian horses of this color. It is a surname present throughout Sardinia since ancient times, although with different variations. In "De Rebus Sardois II", by Giovanni Francesco Fara, figure (264/5): marchionis Chiani (the marquis Chiani) .Quibus successibus Genuenses confirmed quatuor et vigente triremes de integro deducunt, quae prius in portu pisano tres onar set nonnulla minute navigator ceperunt, deinde in Sardiniam cursum dirigentes, and or appulsae res tristes offendunt death Chiani marchionis ab inimicis suis interfecti .. (for the death of the Marquis Chiano, killed by his enemies). More ahead, always in the same work (on page 320 / 24): Chianus brand fuit Iudex Calaritanus et year 1258 occisus fuit, ut refert Augustinus Iustinianus et Paulus Interianus. (the Marquis Chiano, Judge of Cagliari, was killed in 1258, as Agostino Giustiniano and Paolo Interiano attest). In contemporary history we remember Ghiani Mameli Pietro, from Cagliari (Cagliari 1842 - Genoa 1923). He participated in the Italian Risorgimento in the wake of Giuseppe Garibaldi, until the battle of Magenta in 1869. Returning to Cagliari, as a mere employee of the Provincial Treasury Administration, he soon became a leading figure in the world of economics and politics. He was director of the Cassa di Risparmio of Cagliari. In 1887 he was involved in the collapse of the banks and the Cagliari prefect ordered the closure of the Cassa di Risparmio and the Sardinian Agricultural Agricultural Credit. Ghiani was accused of bankruptcy and tried in Genoa. Sentenced to 10 years in prison, he obtained a pardon when he had served his sentence almost entirely. Currently the surname Ghiani is present in 227 Italian Municipalities, of which 94 in Sardinia: Cagliari 187, Isili 58, Assemini51, Carbonia 44, Logoro 44, etc.
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