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Very ancient and noble Milanese family. The Church of Milan gave the castle of Castiglione in the countryside of Seprio to Corrado, son of Count Berengario, to him and his descendants, for which they took the name of Castiglioni. They then divided into many branches that spread in various cities of Italy such as Ferrara, Mantua, Modena, Cingoli obtaining everywhere the aggregation to the patrician class and giving the new country illustrious men in weapons, robes, sciences, letters . From the stock of Milan, and who made himself famous there, six members were elevated to the honors of the altars; one to the supreme chair of Peter and that is Celestine IV (1241); six wore cardinal purple; three were archbishops of Milan and six bishops from other places. A Branda Bernardo was the progenitor of the Cingoli branch, who went there from Milan in the 1600s and who was immediately ascribed to that patrician for his nobility. Julius Caesar obtained confirmation of the title of Count Palatine for himself and his descendants from the emperor of Germany. But the greatest glory of this branch was Francesco Saverio who created cardinal of the title of S. Maria in Traspontina on March 8, 1816 was elevated to the chair of S. Pietro on March 31, 1829 with the name of Pius VIII. He died on Nov. 30. 1830 after regulating only 1 year and 8 months, being buried in S. Pietro with a magnificent monument by Tenerani. The Supreme Pontiff Pius IX in 1840 created Giovanni Stefano and all his descendants in the first-born masculine line Marquis of Botontano. The Heraldic Consulta (see official noble list) declared on 2 November 1924 that the following titles belong to this family: marquis of Botontano (m. Pr.); Count Palatine (m pr.); nobleman of the Marquises